Product Classification and Tariff Rates
HTS (or HS) Numbers and Schedule B Numbers
The Harmonized Tariff System (HTS) assigns a number to each product that is traded internationally to insure that customs officers and statisticians around the world are referring to the same thing when classifying a product. Almost all countries now use the harmonized tariff system.
The Harmonized Tariff System Number, or HTS number, refers to a six digit product-specific code. All countries adhering to the HTS use the same six digit code for each product. Each country, however, can assign on its own four additional numbers, making the entire number 10 digits. The United States does this with its Schedule B system, which is used to describe exports from the U.S. Many countries, though, do not use 10 digits; some use only six or eight.
Exporters need to know the HTS/Schedule B number for their products for several reasons. The HTS number is needed to complete the Shipper’s Export Declaration; the HTS number may be needed on shipping documents, including certificates of origin; and, the HTS number is needed to determine whether a product qualifies for a preferential tariff under the North American Free Trade Agreement.
The Census Bureau's Schedule B Search Engine, has a number of web-based resources for classifying your products. The Schedule B search function is the most commonly used method for classifying products. Click "search" and enter the "keyword" that best describes your product. To learn more about the Schedule B search engine see the Census Bureau's Frequently Asked Questions.
NOTE: After consulting the Search Engine, you can obtain further assistance on Schedule B numbers from a commodity specialist at the U.S. Census Bureau Foreign Trade Division:
For durable goods (metals, machinery, computer, electronic and other miscellaneous goods) call 301-763-3259.
For non-durable goods (food, animal, wood, paper, mineral, chemical and textile goods) call 301-763-3484.
Additional information on product classification can be found on the Trade Information Center’s website.
Determining Specific Tariff Rates
The U.S. Commerce Department’s Trade Information Center can provide unofficial tariff rates for non-agricultural products for certain countries as well as contact information for foreign Customs authorities. Call 1-800-872-8723 and press “1” to speak to a trade specialist. Be prepared to provide the HS number for the product you intend to export.
For requests of 3 or more commodities or countries, fax your requests to 202-482-4473 or email them to tic@ita.doc.gov. Your request must indicate the six to ten digit HS numbers for your products, as well as the destination country.
Country and Regional Tariff and Tax Resources
This page contains country-specific tariff and tax information for 97 countries, as well as internet links to online sources.
Understanding Tariff and Tax Related Terms and Who Pays
It is very important to consider the effects of tariffs, taxes, port handling fees and other miscellaneous customs charges when determining your product's final cost. Depending on your product and country of destination, customs charges will affect the price your buyer is willing to pay for your product.
Duty and Tax Calculation Methods
There are two generally accepted methods for calculating duty rates: CIF and FOB. Most countries use the CIF method.
EU Tariff and Tax Basics, VAT Rates
Tariffs and Taxes on Computer Hardware and Software
The Office of Technology and Electronic Commerce has compiled all countries' tariffs and taxes on computer hardware and software imports.
Import Tax Exemptions for Gifts
Some countries allow gifts to enter the country duty free if the value of the gift is below a certain value. Above the stated value, import duty and taxes are applied.